stem-and-leaf plot

R code of the ggplot2 example

library(ggplot2)
library(dplyr)
library(HistData)

## Speed of light, measured to the nearest 10 km/s: the hundreds make the
## stem, split in two (leaves 0-4, then 5-9), the tens the leaf.
leaves <- Michelson |>
  mutate(v = 299000 + velocity, stem = v %/% 100, leaf = (v %/% 10) %% 10,
         half = stem * 2 + (leaf >= 5)) |>
  arrange(half, leaf) |>
  group_by(half) |>
  mutate(position = row_number()) |>
  ungroup()
stems <- tibble(half = seq(min(leaves$half), max(leaves$half))) |>
  mutate(label = half %/% 2)

p <- ggplot(leaves, aes(x = position, y = -half)) +
  geom_text(aes(label = leaf), size = 3, colour = "#9b2367") +
  geom_text(data = stems, aes(x = -0.6, y = -half, label = label), hjust = 1, size = 3, colour = "#535353") +
  geom_vline(xintercept = 0, colour = "#535353", linewidth = 0.4) +
  scale_x_continuous(limits = c(-3.5, 30), expand = c(0, 0)) +
  labs(title = "Over half of the measurements lie from 299 800 to 299 890",
       subtitle = "Speed of light (km/s), 100 measurements of 1879; 2998 | 7 reads 299 870",
       x = NULL, y = NULL,
       caption = "Data: Michelson 1882, via the HistData R package") +
  theme_lex_viz(grid = "", arrows = "") +
  theme(axis.text = element_blank())