confection

R code of the ggplot2 example

library(ggplot2)
library(dplyr)
library(HistData)
library(patchwork)

## Three pieces of different kinds, set side by side for one argument about
## the 1854 cholera outbreak in Soho: a map, a time series, a count.
nearest <- apply(Snow.deaths[, c("x", "y")], 1, function(d) {
  Snow.pumps$label[which.min((Snow.pumps$x - d[1])^2 + (Snow.pumps$y - d[2])^2)]
})
by_pump <- tibble(pump = ifelse(nearest == "Broad St", "Broad Street", "Other pumps")) |>
  count(pump) |>
  mutate(pump = factor(pump, levels = c("Other pumps", "Broad Street")))
broad <- filter(Snow.pumps, label == "Broad St")
no_bg <- theme(plot.background = element_rect(fill = NA, colour = NA))

map <- ggplot() +
  geom_path(data = Snow.streets, aes(x = x, y = y, group = street), colour = "#a6a6a6", linewidth = 0.3) +
  geom_point(data = Snow.deaths, aes(x = x, y = y), colour = "#262626", size = 0.3) +
  geom_point(data = Snow.pumps, aes(x = x, y = y), shape = 17, colour = "#2e7891", size = 1.8) +
  geom_point(data = broad, aes(x = x, y = y), shape = 17, colour = "#9b2367", size = 2.8) +
  annotate("label", x = broad$x - 0.8, y = broad$y + 2.4, label = "Broad Street pump",
           colour = "#9b2367", fill = "white", linewidth = 0, size = 2.4, hjust = 1, fontface = "bold") +
  coord_equal(xlim = c(3, 20), ylim = c(3, 20)) +
  labs(subtitle = "Deaths (dots) and pumps (triangles)") +
  theme_lex_viz(grid = "", arrows = "") +
  theme(axis.text = element_blank(), axis.title = element_blank()) + no_bg
curve <- ggplot(filter(Snow.dates, !is.na(date)), aes(x = date, y = deaths)) +
  geom_col(fill = "#535353", width = 0.8) +
  scale_x_date(labels = scales::label_date("%d %b", locale = "en"), date_breaks = "2 weeks") +
  scale_y_continuous(expand = expansion(mult = c(0, 0.05))) +
  labs(subtitle = "Deaths per day, 1854", x = NULL, y = NULL) +
  theme_lex_viz(base_size = 8, grid = "y", arrows = "y") + no_bg
pumps <- ggplot(by_pump, aes(x = n, y = pump, fill = pump)) +
  geom_col(width = 0.7) +
  geom_text(aes(label = n), hjust = -0.2, size = 2.4, colour = "#262626") +
  scale_fill_manual(values = c(`Broad Street` = "#9b2367", `Other pumps` = "#a6a6a6"), guide = "none") +
  scale_x_continuous(expand = expansion(mult = c(0, 0.2))) +
  labs(subtitle = "Deaths by nearest pump", x = NULL, y = NULL) +
  theme_lex_viz(base_size = 8, grid = "", arrows = "") +
  theme(axis.text.x = element_blank()) + no_bg

p <- map + (curve / pumps) +
  plot_layout(widths = c(1.15, 1)) +
  plot_annotation(
    title = "62% of the deaths lay nearest the Broad Street pump",
    subtitle = "Cholera in Soho, London, 1854: a map, a time series and a count",
    caption = "Data: Snow 1855, via the HistData R package",
    theme = theme_lex_viz() + no_bg
  ) &
  no_bg